Download Palo Alto Networks Certified Security Engineer.PassLeader.PCNSE.v22-041.2022-09-06.1e.487q.vcex

An application override policy is changes how the Palo Alto Networks firewall classifies network traffic into applications. An application override with a custom application prevents the session from being processed by the App-ID engine, which is a Layer-7 inspection.
https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/Configuration-Articles/How-to-Create-an-Application-Override-Policy/ta-p/60044

https://knowledgebase.paloaltonetworks.com/servlet/rtaImage?eid=ka10g000000U0KT&feoid=00N0g000003VPSv&refid=0EM0g000001Ja97

The WildFire verdicts are: Benign, Grayware, Malware.
https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/documentation/70/pan-os/pan-os/monitoring/log-severity-levels-and-wildfire-verdicts

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/pan-os/10-0/pan-os-admin/user-id/map-ip-addresses-to-users.html#id61f141da-8b89-49c9-b34a-ed11b434d1db

In a Layer 2 deployment, the firewall provides switching between two or more interfaces. Each group of interfaces must be assigned to a VLAN object in order for the firewall to switch between them.
In a Layer 3 deployment, the firewall routes traffic between ports. An IP address must be assigned to each interface and a virtual router must be defined to route the traffic. Choose this option when routing is required.
https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/documentation/70/pan-os/pan-os/getting-started/basic-interface-deployments

Network Activity
Displays an overview of traffic and user activity on your network including:
Top applications in use
Top users who generate traffic (with a drill down into the bytes, content, threats or URLs accessed by the user)
Most used security rules against which traffic matches occur
In addition, you can also view network activity by source or destination zone, region, or IP address, ingress or egress interfaces, and GlobalProtect host information such as the operating systems of the devices most commonly used on the network.
https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/pan-os/10-0/pan-os-admin/monitoring/use-the-application-command-center/ acc-tabs.html#id36db6852-3120-48bd-9887-2d370c01f8d5

The Network Activity tab of the Application Command Center (ACC) displays an overview of traffic and user activity on your network including:
Top applications in use
Top users who generate traffic (with a drill down into the bytes, content, threats or URLs accessed by the user)
Most used security rules against which traffic matches occur 
In addition, you can also view network activity by source or destination zone, region, or IP address, ingress or egress interfaces, and GlobalProtect host information such as the operating systems of the devices most commonly used on the network.
https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/documentation/70/pan-os/pan-os/monitoring/acc-tabs.html

    

Create a Custom Application with a signature and attach it to a security policy, or create a custom application and define an application override policy--A custom application allows you to customize the definition of the internal application--its characteristics, category and sub-category,
risk, port, timeout--and exercise granular policy control in order to minimize the range of unidentified traffic on your network. Creating a custom application also allows you to correctly identify the application in the ACC and traffic logs and is useful in auditing/reporting on the applications on your network. For a custom application you can specify a signature and a pattern that uniquely identifies the application and attach it to a security policy that allows or denies the application.
Alternatively, if you would like the firewall to process the custom application using fast path (Layer-4 inspection instead of using App-ID for Layer-7 inspection), you can reference the custom application in an application override policy rule. An application override with a custom application will prevent the session from being processed by the App-ID engine, which is a Layer-7 inspection. Instead it forces the firewall to handle the session as a regular stateful inspection firewall at Layer-4, and thereby saves application processing time.
For example, if you build a custom application that triggers on a host header www.mywebsite.com, the packets are first identified as web-browsing and then are matched as your custom application (whose parent application is web-browsing). Because the parent application is web-browsing, the custom application is inspected at Layer-7 and scanned for content and vulnerabilities.
If you define an application override, the firewall stops processing at Layer-4. The custom application name is assigned to the session to help identify it in the logs, and the traffic is not scanned for threats.
https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/pan-os/10-0/pan-os-admin/app-id/manage-custom-or-unknown-applications.html#id74b58a78-164f-4dc5-aa4e-31ce62f2af0d